Abstract：During the 1930s, initiated by the Nationalists Government's Internal Affair Ministry, custom investigation and reformation was carried out in a large scale in Chinese provinces, cities and towns. This activity was intended to help the Nationalists, who had just obtained sovereignty over the nation, to conform and control the society. The paper, based on the materials about the custom investigation and reformation stored in the Second Chinese History Archives, is intended to research and judge this activity, so as to inquire into the interaction among the government, the locality and the common people in the social custom reformation.
