Abstract：Lin Ju(?),the Inspector of Justice of Jiangxi in Qing dynasty,wrote a book titled Xijiang shinie jishi to compile many his administrative files during Yongzheng and Qianlong period,in which there are many materials about the society including the roles of the village agreements,the chief of precinct and the elder of a clan in the countryside.The village agreements and the chief of precinct had been regarded as the main ways to put the countryside in order and a series of new phases,such as "Agreement Chief","Countryside Chief" about the local social system appeared in this book.The guard for the public security combined with the educational village agreement and the clan system,and formed a new and complete countryside system which influenced the basic social structure.All these showed the complex interrelated relationships during Qing dynasty between the Nation and the society.
