Abstract:Currently, Chinese urbanization is in a key stage of rapid development. It is a result of various factors’ mobilization and assemblage, including population as the core factor, land as carrier factor and finance as the guarantee factor. Based on 2006-2016 years’ national and provincial panel data, this paper constructs three models of urbanization from the three elements of population, land and finance, and empirically tests the coupling and coordination degree of urbanization elements in the whole country and the three regions. The results show that there are positive improvements in the degree of coupling and coordination of “Population-Land-Finance” in the East,Middle and West, and there are obvious differences between regions. The coordinated level of urbanization in the whole country and inside a region has gradually narrowed. The factor of population will gradually replace the land elements to become the leading factor of the new urbanization, and the financial elements play a supportive role during the transition period. Therefore, we should take fiscal factors as a breakthrough for transformation, curb the rapid expansion of the land elements, improve the quality and level of human urbanization, and promote the linkage reform and policy coordination of “Population-Land-Finance” system as a new development idea for optimizing the regulation of new urbanization.