Abstract:The Fourth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities. Rural governance is the basis of national governance. Its modernization is not only a solid foundation for rural rejuvenation, but also relates to the realization of the goal of modernizing national governance. Taking the “Fourth China County Governance High-level Forum” as an opportunity, hundreds of experts and officials conducted in-depth discussions on the governance models, key issues, and implementation paths of the modernization of rural governance. Participating experts generally believe that the capacity to maintain rural stability and ensure rural development depends on the choice of the rural governance models. To promote the modernization of rural governance, we must accurately grasp key issues such as farmers’ participation, agricultural land reform, and capital investment. The final implementation of rural governance modernization needs to start from three aspects: optimizing the main body of multiple governance, strengthening the supply of various systems, and promoting the construction of rural customs and civilization.