Morphological andbiological activities of Coptis chinensis Franch with different phenotypes in Lichuan
FANG Xinyue1， LI Yu1， RAN Yalan2， LONG Ruhai3， YANG Yongkang4， ZHANG Qiaohui4， TAN Shengquan5， HE Meijun1
(1.Institute of Chinese herbal medicines，Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Key Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Medicine Biology and Cultivation， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs， P. R. China /National Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry Technology System Enshi Comprehensive Test Station， Enshi 445000， Hubei， China； 2. Agricultural and rural Bureau of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture， Enshi 445000， Hubei， China；3. Lichuan agricultural and rural Bureau， Lichuan 445400， Hubei， China；4. Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture， Enshi 445000， Hubei， China；5. Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Central Hospital， Enshi 445000， Hubei， China)
Abstract：In order to cultivate Coptis chinensis Franch， a specialty cash crop with high quality and yield， the morphological and biological activities of two different phenotypes of C. chinensis， namely large-leaved and fine-leaved were studied. Morphological differences of C. chinensis with different phenotypes were analyzed， and the content of berberine hydrochloride was analyzed by HPLC. The antibacterial activities of twelve tested bacteria were screened by filter paper method， and MIC values were determined by micro broth dilution method. The antioxidant activity of C. chinensis with different phenotypes were determined by scavenging 1， 1-diphenyl-2-tritrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) free radical in vitro. Four-year-old large-leaved C. chinensis with average plant height 31.83±2.66 cm， petiole length 15.77±2.05 mm， chlorophyll content (SPAD) 43.41±1.28， fresh weight 30.47±12.19 g and dry weight 9.07±2.93 g was significantly superior to fine-leaved C. chinensis with plant height 21.33 ± 1.25 cm， petiole length 11.81 ± 1.85 mm， chlorophyll content (SPAD) 35.76 ± 1.98， fresh weight 3.87 ± 0.31 g， dry weight 1.97 ± 0.24 g. Berberine hydrochloride content of large-leaved C. chinensis was 41.2 ± 2.24 μg·g－1， which was significantly higher than that of fine-leaved (13.3 ± 0.9 μg·g－1). The large-leaved C. chinensis showed better antibacterial activity against seven tested strains with MIC values ranging from 3.91 to 7.81 mg·mL－1 than fine-leaved C. chinensis with antibacterial activity against six tested bacteria and MIC values ranging from 10.94 to 21.88 mg·mL－1. The fine-leaved C. chinensis showed better antioxidant activities than large leaf， with IC50 values of wich was 0.259 and 0.387 mg·mL－1， respectively. The yield and antibacterial activity of large-leaved C. chinensis were significantly better than fine-leaved， while the antioxidant activity and berberine hydrochloride content of which were significantly lower.
2023, Vol. 57 
