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Abstract The counterpart of the semi-colonialism in Chinese history was the semi-feudalism， so Yu Dafu's writing was characterized by revolting against traditional culture and pursuing individual freedom. At the same time， the semi-colonized social reality inevitably made Yu Dafu feel the humiliation of being subjected to the colonizers during his stay in Japan. He longed to share the Western/Japanese culture from a cosmopolitan perspective， but had to raise the national flag to resist the spiritual oppression of the semi-colonial reality. He embraced Western/Japanese culture with a cosmopolitan view， but had to adopt a “feudal” attitude to confront the West/Japan when necessary. This ambivalence constitutes the identity dilemma in Yu Dafu's novels written in Japan， also determines his complex attitude towards the Japanese and female writing.
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Received: 22 January 2024
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2024, Vol. 63 
