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| On Marx's Fundamental Transformation of Hegel's Dialectics—From the Perspective of Scientific Socialism |
| Mou Chengwen |
| (School of Politics and International Studies， Central China Normal University， Wuhan 430079) |
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Abstract Marx established the vision of the fundamental emancipation of the proletariat and even all mankind on the two scientific cornerstones of the materialist conception of history and the theory of surplus value， and thus founded scientific socialism. The founding process of Marx's scientific socialism is the exact process in which he fundamentally transformed Hegel's dialectics. That is to say， it is necessary to explore the fundamental changes he made to Hegel's dialectics by following the logical path of Marx's founding of scientific socialism. Through the perspective of scientific socialism， it can be found that Marx fundamentally transformed “spirit，” the explanatory principle of Hegel's idealist dialectics， with “sensuous human activity”； he fundamentally transformed “self-consciousness，” the practical subject of Hegel's idealist dialectics，with “proletariat”； and he fundamentally transformed “spiritual emancipation，” the main mission of Hegel's idealist dialectics， with “human emancipation.” Thus， he fundamentally transformed Hegel's dialectics and established his own dialectics on this basis. Marxist dialectics include such theoretical connotations as dialectics of thought， dialectics of human society or history， and dialectics of nature； the practical characteristics of Marxist dialectics are manifested in that it is a methodology rooted in the social practice activities of the populace， an ontology that understands the inner nature of things and penetrates into their substantive content， and an essentialism that grasps the significance of world history from the real movement that eliminates the existing state of affairs.
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2025, Vol. 64 
