Abstract：It is generally accepted that Zhou Enlai proposed the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence when he greeted the Indian delegation to China on December 31， 1953. The study shows that he only initiated the content of this principle instead of specifying the concept. Concerned with the use of the conception，it was raised when Zhou Enlai addressed a speech at a meeting of cadres to receive a delegation from the British Labor Party in China on August 12,1954. This concept was explicitly used in foreign affairs when welcoming Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru on October 20， 1954， and it was also extended into international conferences in the Asia-Africa Conference in 1955. Although China maintains that the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence are applicable to all countries，in diplomatic practice，they are mainly applied to China’s relations with non-socialist countries. This concept was used in China’s diplomacy with socialist countries， but it was also emphasized for relationship between socialist and non-socialist countries. The content of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence has been shaped through a process of changes， including the modifications and remodifications of the first and fourth items.
孙泽学. 关于“和平共处五项原则”的几个问题[J]. 华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）, 2021, 60(1): 121-130.
Sun Zexue. Concerns about the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. journal1, 2021, 60(1): 121-130.
2021, Vol. 60 
