Abstract：During 1911 and 1912，Wuhan，where the Revolution of 1911 first broke out， was a crucial district for the confrontation between the revolutionary party and the Qing government. With the conflict escalated， it became a priority to exterminate the Hanjian. In order to balance between military success and a civilized image， the military government of Hubei not only issued a series of corresponding laws and military regulations，but also set up specialized law enforcement agencies to take charge of identifying and dealing with the Hanjian. In this way，the military government of Hubei prevented excessive arrests and unreasonable kills effectively，which provided important experience for other revolutionary provinces. However，when suffered from military defeat，blaming Hanjians for it was beneficial to maintain morale among soldiers and citizens. Furthermore，as the accusation of Hanjian was political rather than legal，rumors and reports were inevitably unfounded. Consequently， the number of Hanjians in Wuhan was stupendously large，which rendered this problem extremely prominent.
