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Abstract Preparation for constitutionalism in the late Qing Dynasty is the first democratization reform in China， and analyzing its process and causes of failure with the model of strategic interaction is helpful to supplement existing researches. This article involves methodology innovation. The result of the democratization transformation is based on game behavior among the conservatives， the innovationists， the moderates and the radicals. Preparation for constitutionalism is a political reform， whose results are based on the game behavior among the aristocracy， the Northern warlords， the constitutionalist and the revolutionary. This article explains the process and result of preparation for constitutionalism with the model by Przeworski， and finds that the failure in preparation for constitutionalism leads to democratic revolution. The success of new-democratic revolution by the leadership of Chinese Communist Party is the historical inevitability.
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Received: 22 November 2017
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2017, Vol. 56 
