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| On the Qualitative Spirits of Descriptive Psychology |
| Wang Shenlian1 Guo Benyu2 |
| 1.Mental Health Research Institute， Nanjing Xiaozhuang University， Nanjing 210017；2.School of Psychology， Nanjing Normal University， Nanjing 210097 |
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Abstract Descriptive psychology was an important discipline modality， which emerged at the start-up period of scientific psychology. It was pregnant with and manifested abundant and clear qualitative spirits， which were in essence humanistic spirits under the horizon of science. From the point of view of ontology， it opposed to the materialized realism under the guidance of natural science and stuck to the meaningful realism under the guidance of human science. From the point of view of epistemology， it opposed to the dualist position standing for detachment of subject and object and stuck to the inter-subjective position standing for fusion of horizons of subject and object. From the point of view of methodology， it opposed to the objective research paradigm under the guidance of positivism and stuck to the subjective exploratory strategy under the guidance of phenomenology or hermeneutics. From the point of view of axiology， it opposed to the value-freedom attitude insisting that the researcher could keep absolutely neutral during the research and stuck to the value-involvement attitude insisting that the researcher’s personal willingness would inevitably have an effect on the research process. The qualitative spirits of descriptive psychology got continued， promoted， and developed in contemporary qualitative psychology. We might even say that descriptive psychology was the source of ideas and the prediction of spirits of qualitative psychology and qualitative psychology was the contemporary inheritance and the new existing form of descriptive psychology. There was fundamental consistence in basic spirits between descriptive psychology and qualitative psychology.
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Received: 21 January 2019
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2019, Vol. 58 
