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Abstract The advancement and immediate application of information technology and computer-based automatically-generated administrative data from educational institutes pave the way for upgrading evaluation practice in education context. The adoption of electronic archive storage system tracks and produces census-type records of all documentable activities for all students and teachers during the whole schooling process， facilitating dynamic and accurate assessment of students' development， teachers' performance，school effectiveness and policy effects. This paper offers a theoretical and technical framework for approximating quality and efficiency of education by taking advantage of longitudinal archive profiles under the perspective of value-addedness and causal inference modelling techniques. This paper also provides both conceptual framework and empirical strategy for precisely evaluating students， teachers， schools and public policies.
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Received: 16 April 2020
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2020, Vol. 59 
