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| Public Telegraphic Diplomacy by Presidents of Chinese Universities towards the United States before the Pacific War |
| He Zhuoen Pan Enyuan |
| (Institute of Chinese Modern History， Central China Normal University， Wuhan 430079) |
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Abstract Between the July 7th Incident and the Pacific War， China was lonely fighting against Japanese aggression. In order to acquire international sympathy and support， the Chinese government and all sectors of society had conducted extensive publicity to the outside world. The unofficial diplomacy efforts of the presidents of Chinese universities' joint public telegrams were important parts of these efforts. The initial targets of joint public telegrams was mainly the League of Nations and the Nine-Power Treaty Convention Group， and then gradually focused on the United States. They asked the United States to embargo flight equipment against Japanese aggression， repeal the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between the United States and Japan and amend the Neutrality Law to sanction Japan and aid China comprehensively， which maked the war of resistance against Japan and the coming World Anti-Fascist War an organic whole. The action of focusing on the United States was based on the university presidents' keen judgment of the international strategic situation and the realistic needs of the war of resistance against Japanese aggression， as well as related to their academic backgrounds. This series of appeals were not only important parts of China's international propaganda， but also reflections of the improvement of the nation's war mobilization ability. It also showed the morality and responsibility of the university intellectual elite， and played a role in public opinion in winning broad international sympathy and political and economic assistance from the United States.
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Received: 23 September 2021
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2021, Vol. 60 
