Abstract：“Zhuangzi waiwu” has always been regarded by researchers as messy， loosely structured and unclear. But in fact， the beginning of “Waiwu” puts forward the main idea： “outer things are not necessary”， that is， things outside the body can not be grasped. Then the whole text basically develops around this main idea： chapters 2 to 6 give five examples in succession， comprehensively and detailedly prove that “outer things are not necessary”， chapters 7 to 11 offer a solution to the “impossible” dilemma： “the mind has a way of traveling.” Chapters 12 to 13 are about the methodology.Traps and hoofs are used as metaphors so that the readers can really approach the author's meaning.
2020, Vol. 59 
