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2017 Vol. 56, No. 2
Published: 2017-03-27
1
From Tradition to Modernity： Study on the Relationship between Local Governments and the Public in the Process of Local Water Resource Governance
The relationship between local governments and the public in the process of local water resource governance is an important component of social construction of China. Local governments mainly depend on local gentries to implement and manage water affairs since the Ming and Qing Dynasty. Today，the government plays the main role in regulating watercourses. The internal and outsourcing administrative subcontracting and the twofold configurations including the topdown and bottomup approaches are preserved or inherited in today’s water resource management， for example， river chief system. But the public participation， the collaboration of government departments and the collaboration of local governments in river chief system are achieved by the administrative subcontracting. Thus， it is an important issue to promote the active collaboration of local governments， enterprises and the public in local water resource governance.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 1-7 [
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507
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8
From Governmentoriented Governance to Cogovernance： Governance Mechanism of the Tamsui River in Taiwan
The Tamsui River is a crossdomain river，whose governance power and management right belong to different levels of Taiwan’s government. However， the systematic deficiency does not hide the effectiveness of governance. Based on extensive literature reviews and indepth interviews，this study finds out that the efficiency of governing of the Tamsui River is a creative achievement of negotiation and cooperation of different stakeholders. Specifically， higherlevel government plays the role of “navigator” by formulating major policies，laws and regulations which can regulate the behavior of local governments and citizens，and also providing financial supports for specific governance projects； The local governments are the “executor” of policy， but also providing the negotiation platform for various stakeholders； To a large extent， civil society acts as the “supervisor”. They have spontaneously established the river patrol team to assist the government，and also to monitor the governance behaviors of governments.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 8-18 [
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646
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19
On the Coordinating Logic of Promoting the Newtype Urbanization：An Integrate Analytical Framework
Since the reform and openingup， the urbanization development promoted by the governance mode which prefers increase with limited coordination， has been difficult to achieve the transformation from quantity to quality. In response to the multiple problems of coordinately promoting the urbanization，this paper constructs an integrate analytical framework containing four major characteristics and academic implication. Firstly，it emphasizes the importance of the state and institutional structure to the urbanization governance mode； Secondly， it advocates that the newtype urbanization and the construction of “modern citizenship” for migrant workers should be synchronized and integrated； Thirdly， it recommends a methodology of “autonomy and embeddedness” to understand the interaction between government effectiveness and social capital；Fourth，it suggests a new strategy of “government function allocation” to reform the urbanization governance mode.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 19-28 [
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468
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29
Legitimizing a Discerning Eye：An Ethnographic Study of Antique Experts’ Authority in Contemporary China
According to Pierre Bourdieu， modern education system has been functioned as the major path to legitimize individuals’ cultural capital. However， in the field of antique collection， the cultivation of one’s “discerning eye” or yanli in Chinese is usually through trading rather than schooling. This paper thus explores an alternative path to legitimize cultural capital in the field of antique collection. With the fieldwork conducted in a city of south China， focusing on the occupational path of two individuals， the paper uses the two individuals’ life stories to show how yanli has been legitimized outside of the schooling system， demonstrating the rules of occupational mobility in the antique collection field in the transformation period in China.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 29-40 [
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352
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41
Industrial Structure Upgrade and Human Capital Demand in China
The industrial structure of China is quickly upgrading，which leads to higher requirements for the human capital of the labor force. Based on statistics， this paper reviews China’s industrial structure upgrade since the reform and opening up in 1978 and estimates the contribution of industrial restructuring to economic growth. With the years of schooling as the proxy variable of human capital， this paper describes changes in China’s labor competence in the industrial restructuring process. On this basis and supported by economic and demographic forecast， this paper estimates China’s future human capital demand and shortage. At the same time， using the OECD method and the survey data in Henan province，it directly measures the human capital of the labor force in China. Lastly， this paper proposes recommendations for improving human capital in China from the two aspects of skills development and education.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 41-50 [
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628
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51
Study of the Impact of Rising Housing Prices on Periurbanization
Using the method of Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) and spatial econometric model with panel data of 31 provinces from 1999 to 2014， this paper analyses the spatial characters of periurbanization and the reason why the rate of periurbanization rises persistently. The results show that： (1) Chinese population periurbanization has significantly positive spatial correlation with the clustering characteristics of centralperipheral structure decreasing gradually from the East to the West. (2) Commodity housing prices significantly pushes up the rate of periurbanization in local province， which is increased by about 7.70% with housing prices rising for every one percent， but has no significant impact on the surrounding provinces and cities. (3) The rate of periurbanization is mainly driven by housing prices and industrial buildings’ price. The conclusion is that the fast rising of housing prices is not beneficial to the urbanization of ruralurban migrants.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 51-62 [
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536
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63
Driving Force of China’s Structure Change and Economic Growth——Counterfactual Analysis Based on a Multisector Model
This paper presents a multisector model involving agriculture sector， nonagriculture sector and government sector，and explores the driving force of China’s structure change and economic growth through counterfactual analysis. Quantitative analysis shows that total factor productivity (TFP) in agriculture is the most important factor in explaining China’s structure change. Contributions of TFP in the nonagriculture sector，capital deepening and government expenditure to China’s structure change are relatively small. Endogenous preference and the declining of labor market distortion driven by marketization may also play important roles in China’s structure change. TFP，capital deepening and government expenditure are the main driving forces for China’s economic growth. TFP in agriculture sector and capital deepening in nonagriculture sector are the main reasons for China’s economic growth during 1978 to 1994. Capital deepening and TPF in nonagriculture sector are the main reasons for China’s economic growth during 1995 to 2012. Through comparison analysis，it finds out that the contribution of capital deepening to China’s economic growth is increasing， whereas the contribution of TPF to China’s economic growth is increasing.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 63-73 [
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74
A Few Characteristics of Chinese Cultural Development Based on CCDIS
CCDIS is an indicator system for reflecting national cultural conditions in China. By measuring CCDIS， this paper reveals a few characteristics of the cultural development in China as follows： (1)Steady development and civilization transformation development are forming the new trendy and demanding characteristics of the cultural development； (2)Both hard and soft environment are improved in China，in which cultural innovation ability and cultural infrastructure are the positive driving force to Chinese cultural development， and cultural human capital， social cultural participation and cultural heritage protection are important forces to its sustainable development， which constitute the driving force structure of Chinese cultural development； (3)The cultural earning ability of main cultural organs is forming， while governmental cultural fiscal input is still the main income source； (4)The enhancing development in western China and the optimal development in eastern China constitute the new spatial structure feature of Chinese cultural development； (5)The compensation development of Chinese rural cultural development has deep influence on the quality structure of Chinese cultural development. Enhancing and optimizing the speed and quality structure of rural cultural development is the new direction of Chinese cultural development.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 74-82 [
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598
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83
Study of Chinese Cultural Industries： Employment and Talents
With the rapid development of Chinese cultural industries， the employment in this area shows a continuous growth trend and an ongoing adjustment of internal structure. It can be confirmed by different statistical data that the cultural industries is a powerful job engine. After 2006，the growth pace of the employment became stable which means the pulling power of the employment of Chinese cultural industries has been basically released. Since 2010， the development of Chinese culture industries has entered into a transitional period， and the growth rate of the employment appears downward trend. It is confirmed by data that “the shortage of talents in the cultural industries” became a principal contradiction after 2010. The employment development need transfer from the “labor” to the “talent accumulation”， from the quantityoriented growth to the qualityoriented growth. At the macrolevel， China need to design a set of indicators and mechanisms based on employment statistics data， to survey， assess and accumulate the human resources for the development of Chinese cultural industries.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 83-89 [
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90
Tertium Quid and Lu Xun’s Reflections on His Own Life
Tertium quid is Lu Xun’s intellectual crystallization of his personal experiences， which is neither a philosophical concept， nor a deep inquiry of his soul， but reflections on his own life which is full of scars： who am I？ Where do I come from？ Where will I go？ The series of questions indicate Lu Xun’s thoughts on the value and significance of human existence and his final protests against life’s nihility after his fierce inner clash between hope and despair.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 90-99 [
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518
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100
Human Revaluation and Sophisticated Rhetoric in A Story Retold
In the historic novel A Story Retold，Lu Xun revalued human being，which covered figures in the story and extended to the general public. The conclusion made by Lu Xun’s human revaluation is largely negative，the drawing of which is based on sophisticated rhetoric used in the novel. This figure of speech not only effectively satisfies the need for human revaluation，but also stands out with important aesthetic implications.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 100-107 [
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421
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108
On “The Other” and “Self” in Lu Xun’s Novels——Focusing on the Study of Shangshi
Shangshi is a love novel written by Lu Xun. As an ideological expression，it is not only antifeudalism，but also a indepth reflection on the modernity of “selfrespect”. This paper explores the relationship between “self” and “the other” in the novel Shangshi from the perspective of “the other”， and points out Lu Xun’s deep rethinking and review on Enlightenment and individual emancipation since the May Fourth.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 108-113 [
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114
Problem of the Hanjian in Wuhan (1911－1912)
During 1911 and 1912，Wuhan，where the Revolution of 1911 first broke out， was a crucial district for the confrontation between the revolutionary party and the Qing government. With the conflict escalated， it became a priority to exterminate the Hanjian. In order to balance between military success and a civilized image， the military government of Hubei not only issued a series of corresponding laws and military regulations，but also set up specialized law enforcement agencies to take charge of identifying and dealing with the Hanjian. In this way，the military government of Hubei prevented excessive arrests and unreasonable kills effectively，which provided important experience for other revolutionary provinces. However，when suffered from military defeat，blaming Hanjians for it was beneficial to maintain morale among soldiers and citizens. Furthermore，as the accusation of Hanjian was political rather than legal，rumors and reports were inevitably unfounded. Consequently， the number of Hanjians in Wuhan was stupendously large，which rendered this problem extremely prominent.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 114-122 [
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123
The Enactment and Amendment of The Trade Association of Industry and Commerce Rules during the Early Republic China
During the early Republic China， the government issued The Trade Association of Industry and Commerce Rules besides The Chamber of Commerce Law to guide and standardize the development of the business community. However， the government had to amend the rules because there were a lot of controversies on guild sponsor qualification and guild name， etc. In addition， the industrial and commercial circles fell into conflicts competing for the right of the Association， and the government then divided the rules into two parts as industrial rules and commercial rules for the development of the industry. The government endowed business management power to merchant groups through laws and regulations， at the same time， enriching the ways of intervening the economic society. The merchant groups gained relatively independent right of economic society management with legal authorization， which constitutes an important aspect of social governance in modern China.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 123-132 [
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133
Impression and Cognition of the Eighth Route Army Perceived by Civilians in Western Shandong and Southern Hebei during the AntiJapanese War
In the AntiJapanese War period，there were several major features of the Eighth Route Army built by the wide perception of civilians in western Shandong and southern Hebei，which were recognized as disadvantages on weapons，fidelity in operations and disciplines，arduousness in life，as well as intimacy with indigenous residents. The civilians back then remained gratitude to the Eighth Route Army for their loose control on tax collection and their disaster relief in the famine period in 1943. In fact，it was on these evident behaviors that the civilians realized that the Eighth Route Army was a force trustworthy of relying on and was much superior to any other armed forces. Based on the impression and cognition perceived by the civilians in western Shandong and southern Hebei and their support， the army developed quickly and grew like a fireball that swept through the country. The growing of the Eighth Route Army in western Shandong and southern Hebei can be regarded as the miniature of the expanding of the Communist Party behind the enemy’s rear lines and the legitimizing of the Communist Party.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 133-144 [
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147
Reunderstanding the Historical Position of Tao Xingzhi
The reasonable position of historical figures is important in the study of characters，which not only is a scientific assessment of the historical contribution of the characters， but also helps us to fully understand the historical figures and to futher learn beneficial ingredients from his thought，personality and activities. In the past，the position of Tao Xingzhi was generally called “great people’s educationalist， prominent democratic fighter and excellent popular poet”. But from the whole story of Tao Xingzhi’s life in China’s education and democratic cause， we can find out that his historical position should be a educator， a thinker，a politician and a writer. In another word， we can say Tao Xingzhi is the very person of education， thought， politics and literature， who is a comprehensive cultural giant in China’s modern history and is a worldclass master of education all over the world.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 147-152 [
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153
On Tao Xingzhi’s Compulsory Education：Theory，Practice and Contemporary Value
The compulsory education in China originated in the late Qing Dynasty，and has developed from the Republic of China.Tao Xingzhi，one of the most famous educators in modern China， elaborated the goals，contents and methods of the compulsory education in his educational theoretical framework.In practical activities，Tao Xingzhi had unique insights in the compulsory education in the aspects as the teacher training，administration，funding and etc. Even today， Tao Xingzhi’s educational theories and practical activities still radiate bright dazzling brilliance， with great value for the consolidating and popularizing of the compulsory education and the promoting of the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 153-159 [
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518
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On Educational Relief Implemented by Nanjing National Government for Students from Northeast China during the AntiJapanese War
After the September 18th Incident，under the trample of Japanese invaders， the school education cause in Northeast China fell into a hopeless situation， with nearly all the primarysecondary schools and colleges closed，occupied or compulsive dissolved. A large amount of students in Northeast China were out of school and needed educational relief. Therefore， The Ministry of Education of Nanjing National Government adopted a series of measures to help the students who came from Northeast China and entered into Shanhaiguan to ease their educational problems， by which not only the life of education cause in Northeast China has been preserved，but also the young people from Northeast China have been protected from enslaving education.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 160-166 [
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428
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On the Construction of Educational Think Tanks in China： Current Situation， Problems and Prospect
Educational think tanks is an important content of Chinese newtype think tanks. By analyzing the current situation of the construction of educational think tanks in China， this paper points out the main problems： lacking of independence， the backwardness of the research methods and means used， weak innovation ability and social influence. It puts forward suggestions to promote the development of educational think tanks in our country： allowing differential development of educational think tanks， constructing a batch of educational think tanks with outstanding characteristics， establishing a multiple financing mechanism， innovating the management system of talents， etc.
2017 Vol. 56 (2): 167-176 [
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516
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