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2020 Vol. 59, No. 5
Published: 2020-09-27
1
Local Norms： The Basis of Extended Order in Rural China
Zhou Qingzhi
The regionalization， cronyism and relativization of local norms are empirical governance strategies in order to keep rural stability by using traditional resources. These will decimate the authority of the public and the law， and also become the stumbling blocks in the transformation from the traditional order to modern order. Promoting rural extended order， based on relationship of rights， involves the gradual evolution and conversion from family-centered order to social-centered order. Local norms show the essence of country social autonomy， and the extended order should be built on local norms and social rights， which will constantly redefine the rural social relations.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 1-11 [
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428
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12
The Local Logic of Contemporary Chinese Rural Community Construction
Li Zengyuan,
The construction of rural communities in contemporary China is an important manifestation of the modernization of national governance at the grass-roots level， and an important carrier for the implementation of Rural Revitalization and the modernization of rural governance in the new era. As a top-level design of public policy， contemporary Chinese rural community construction has its own logic. From the practical point of view， the contemporary rural community construction in China is proposed by the state policy and strategic planning， the provincial departments have issued guiding policies and planning deployment， the municipal departments have given out specific deployment of digestion policies， and the county departments have implemented policies according to local conditions. The construction of rural communities is embodied in the different functions and positioning of the central and local governments under the party and government system， the tension and limitation between centralization and local autonomy under the bureaucracy system， the technical balance between public interest and local interest， and the superposition and dislocation between “general local interest” and “special local interest”. In the process of modernization of national governance， the construction of rural communities in contemporary China contains the “government responsibility rationality” under the leadership of the party， which is the manifestation of the government behavior mode based on the rational combination of public power， economic man， moral man and other multiple rationalities based on the ruling idea of the ruling party.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 12-24 [
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526
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25
Medical Consumption Behavior of Rural Elderly under the Strategy of “Healthy China”——Based on the Perspective of Income Inequality and Basic Medical Insurance
Xiang Yunhua Hu Tiantian
Under the background of increasing coverage of basic medical insurance， income inequality still exists in the health behaviors of the elderly in rural areas in China， and the direct manifestation is the difference in medical behaviors. Based on this， from the perspective of income inequality and basic medical insurance， this paper attempts to use the data from the 2018 Chinese Family Tracking Survey Database to empirically test the differences in medical consumption behaviors of rural elderly in China and their main impact paths. The results of the study show that income inequality has a significant negative effect on rural elderly's choice of medical treatment， while rural elderly who enjoy urban employee medical insurance， urban resident medical insurance and NCMS have a significant positive effect on their medical treatment or hospitalization tendency. Income inequality has significantly increased the probability that older people will choose a primary-level infirmary or a private clinic， but the role of basic medical insurance is reversed. In addition， income inequality and access to basic medical insurance have no significant impact on the medical consumption of the elderly， but hospitalization consumption has significantly enhanced the trend of elderly health. According to the research conclusions， this paper attempts to put forward corresponding policy thinking from the aspects of income inequality formation mechanism， basic medical insurance out-of-pocket expenses and allocation of primary medical resources.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 25-34 [
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541
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35
New Interaction Field of the UK and the EU under the Retreat of Supra-nationalism——A Study on Migrants' Social Security Cooperation between the UK and the EU in the Post-Brexit Era
Wang Yingqi, Liu Tao,
Controversy around the welfare of migrants and sovereignty was the focus of the 2016 Brexit referendum. This paper argues that the accusation of ‘welfare free rider' towards migrants is a kind of ‘selective construction’， which neglects that migrants make positive financial contribution to the host country， and in the meanwhile they can only enjoy a ‘sub-citizen' treatment on the eligibility for benefits. Furthermore， what can properly explain why Brexit happens is that the retreat of supranationalism and the periodic return of nationalism have both constructed a Brexit atmosphere at the state， the party and the citizen level. Over the past 40 years， the UK and the EU have built a stable welfare field of migrants， ‘welfare de-boundary' and ‘welfare supranationalism' as the welfare habits (culture) have been infecting and internalizing all actors in this field for long times. Even if the UK withdraws from the EU in the future， the stickiness of welfare habits and the institutional traces left by the interaction arena between the UK and the EU will not disappear in vain. What's more， the resistance strategies of welfare recipients make it harder for the UK to close the co-governance welfare space completely. As a result， the UK cannot return to welfare nationalism in the post-Brexit era， instead， the UK and the EU will still work together to find a new welfare arrangement for migrants. And this may point to a new way of cooperation between the UK and the EU in the field of welfare and even at the national level— a coupling third way which hovers between nationalism and supranationalism， which also implies the new attempt of the UK to recalibrate its national identity and its international positioning.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 35-49 [
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534
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50
The Effects， Problems and Policy Suggestions of the Implementation of Budget Performance Management in Local Finance of China——Based on the Questionnaire Survey of Hubei Province
Li Xiangyun
Based on the questionnaire survey of 124 provincial budget units and 64 municipal and county finance bureaus， it is found that the implementation of budget performance management in local finance has improved the quality of public service and reduced the invalid expenditure， but the effects on reducing public service unit cost and improving communication is not obvious. At the same time， it is also found that there are some significant problems， for example， the unformed performance culture， the incomplete basic conditions， the haphazard process， and the unclear division of relevant institutions’ responsibility. To further promote the reform of budget performance management， it is necessary to strengthen publicity， create conditions， standardize the process， and divide the main responsibilities of participating institutions clearly.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 50-58 [
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447
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59
Research on the Influence Mechanism of Migration：Based on the Climate Change and Regional Differences
Deng Hongqian, Liu Mengxiao Shao Sheng
Climate change affects human behavior. Based on the panel data of temperature precipitation and migrate population in provincial capitals and planned cities from 2000 to 2018， the fixed effect and differential GMM method can be used to test the influence of temperature change and precipitation change on migration. There is a significant linear negative correlation between temperature change and migration， and there is regional heterogeneity. The inhibitory effect of temperature rise on population flow in eastern and central regions is significantly higher than that in western and northeastern regions. There is a significant positive linear correlation between precipitation change and population mobility， and there is regional heterogeneity. The promotion effect of precipitation increase on population mobility in the eastern region is significantly higher than that in other regions of the country. Based on this， this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions for coping with the phenomenon of regional temperature rise and insufficient precipitation， so as to reduce the inhibitory effect of adverse factors of climate change on migration， and then solve the problem of “environmental migration” effectively。
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 59-72 [
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779
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73
From Philosophical Practice to Practical Philosophy——On the Radial Axis of Thinking of Marx's Philosophical Revolution
Lin Jian Lin Shendan
View of practice is the foothold and cornerstone of Marx's world view and historical view， and practice is the radial axis and “universal light”of understanding Marx's philosophy.Before Marx's philosophy， ethical and moral practice view in the ancient Greek era，practice view of old materialism in the 17th and 18th centuries and practice view of idealism during the period of German classical philosophy， by the limitation of one-sided way of thinking， had some defects such as abstraction，metaphysics and one-sidedness，thus lost the actual significance of practice and became “the practice of philosophy”.Marx's view of practice holds that we should integrate the subject with the object to understand and grasp the world in the way of practical thinking，and points out that the true meaning of philosophy is to change the world，which helps turn to “practical philosophy”，create new materialistic philosophy and then realize philosophy revolution.The transformation of Marx's view of practice is of great significance to the accomplishment of Marxist philosophical revolution ，which not only provides people with a new view of nature，of history and human，but also promotes the revolutionary transformation of philosophical function and mission.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 73-80 [
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480
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81
Justice and Becoming Oneself——Using Heidegger and Korsgaard as Examples
Wu Xiaoxi
A theory of justice is about one's desert or one's own and constructing adequate social frameworks to ensure that one gets one's own. Different theories of justice disagree on what one's own exactly is. In order to know what one's own is， an ontology of what people are is needed. Justice is not only an “external” social norm， but is also concerned with becoming oneself. This paper explores the ontological foundation of justice starting with contemporary research on personal agency， compares and contrasts two “existential Kantians” of Martin Heidegger and Christine Korsgaard. Korsgaard argues that one gains one's self through justice， but she tights justice and selfhood too closely. Heidegger's account of dasein can be seen as arguing that to exist authentically is to exist as a unified whole， achieving one's own self in the world， which suggests an intimate connection between justice and becoming oneself. This paper proposes to establish an inner connection between theories of justice and existential philosophy， laying out an ontological foundation for constructing theories of justice.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 81-87 [
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468
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88
On the Involution Phenomenon of the Sixth Generation of Chinese Directors from the Perspective of Intergenerational Change
Meng Jun
In the past 30 years， the sixth generation of directors has gradually cruised from the verge of China’s film ecosystem to the center， completing a new round of intergenerational replacement. With the advent of maturation stage， the new works of the sixth generation show an obvious tendency of involution， which was manifested in the refinement of narrative discourse and the shrinkage of meaning production. Involution is a phenomenon with both advantages and disadvantages. The positive aspect is that the delicate narrative makes the sixth generation more aesthetically acceptable， while the negative aspect is that the depletion of meaning leads to the crisis of the sixth generation. The increasingly prominent involution phenomenon of the sixth generation is attributed to the evolvement rule of intergenerational replacement， self-contradiction of authors’ notion and the insurmountable boundary built by excessive erosion of commercial powers. An effective method for the sixth generation to resist the tendency of involution is to describe and interpret the social reality from the authors’ point of view.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 88-97 [
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446
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98
The Film Exhibition under Multiple Discourse： An Investigation Focusing on Film Exhibition in China before 1949
Lin Ji’an
The film exhibition study is an important part of film industry research. As one of the core forces in “film field”， film exhibition is deeply influenced by multiple forces inside and outside the film industry， and each force has different discourse. By examining the practice of film exhibition in China before 1949， we can find that there are four kinds of discourse that influence the film exhibition， namely commercial discourse， popular discourse， elite discourse and ideological discourse. These four kinds of discourse do not often work in isolation， but intertwine with each other， even conflict with each other. Sometimes a certain kind of discourse will dominate， but more often， multiple discourse will work together， which makes film exhibition a cultural practice with various discourse.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 98-105 [
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382
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106
Metaphor of Plum Blossom and Aesthetic Culture of Southern Song Dynasty
Liu Pei
Plum blossom is another kind of flower with rich meanings after peony， and the Southern Song dynasty is the key period of its metaphor formation. The metaphor of plum blossom can go deep into all aspects of cultural life.Its spiritual character is closely related to the aesthetic cultural characteristics at that time. The richness of plum blossom aesthetics makes it enter into the social life and become an indispensable landscape in people's daily life. In the Southern Song dynasty， the gentry class became the main carrier of social culture. The metaphor of plum blossom showed their aesthetic ideal， personality pursuit and personality realm. Therefore， the aesthetic tendency has changed from the past pursuit of understanding heaven and comprehending of all things to the pursuit of charming and graceful， and from simple and generous to fine and graceful. The characteristics of plum blossom are just in line with social aesthetics ideal on the character of plum blossom， so it becomes the important sustenance and image metaphor of people's aesthetic ideal. Beauty is the symbol of morality， and Chinese tradition highly emphasizes the unity of beauty and kindness. The shaping of the character of plum blossom is also based on the moral realm and the spirit of aesthetic education of personality. When the shaping of the character of plum blossom goes into the level of personality ideal and moral realm， the aesthetic value is highlighted and promoted.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 106-118 [
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592
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119
The Explicitness and Implicitness of Thought—— A Case Study on the Changes of the Text of Ba Jin’s Proses in Journey
Peng Linxiang
There were nearly 10 versions of Ba Jin’s Proses in Journey from the early 1930s to the 1990s， along with different texts. From the edition on the newspaper to the first publishing edition and then to Kaiming edition， it is the carrier of Ba Jin to express his anarchist thoughts frankly. The narratives related to anarchism have been greatly weakened from the repeated revisions of the Pingming edition， New Literature edition and Collection edition， while the revolutionary democratic ideas are highlighted. Although all the chapters since the first edition are included in Proses in Journey in Full Collection， the inclusion is mainly based on the Full Collection， resulting in the thought atmosphere of revolutionary democracy as the main feature and anarchism as the supplement. The changes of the text of Proses in Journey reflect the changes of Ba Jin’s thought in half a century.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 119-126 [
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467
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127
Lao She's Visit to Japan and the Literary Exchange between Chinese and Japanese in the 1960s
Yu Xun
From March to April of 1965， Lao She led a delegation of Chinese writers including Liu Baiyu， Zhang Guangnian， Du Xuan and Ru Zhijuan to visit Japan. Lao She recorded a lot of details in his diary， but his language was cautious and his emotions were restrained. His old-style poem creation expressed his deep friendship with Japanese friends.Lao She worked hard to convey the goodwill from China to Japanese writers， and his image in the eyes of Japanese writers has become increasingly clear after the precipitation of history.The media interviews and conversations with the writers at that time reflected the Japanese cultural circles' attention to the Chinese literary world， and entrusted China's vision of the “Asian Renaissance” and the building of an Asian-African community.The experience of mutual visits between Chinese and Japanese writers in the 1960s provided a new way for literary exchanges between the two countries， making possible future political and economic cooperation， and laying a solid foundation for the normalization of Sino-Japanese diplomatic relations in the 1970s.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 127-133 [
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874
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134
The Characteristics of the Complex Sentences in Expository Discourse from the Perspective of Discourse Grammar
Liu Yun Li Jinxia
Based on discourse grammar， this paper explores the effect of discourse structure and discourse type on the use of complex sentences in expository discourse. Expository discourse can be divided into five parts in structure： introduction， theme identifying， main body， summary and extension.The influence of discourse structure on the use of complex sentences is mainly reflected in the quantity distribution and type distribution of complex sentences. The influence of discourse type on the use of complex sentences is mainly manifested in：1)If the text types are different，the types of dominant complex sentences are also different；2)If the text types are different，the differences used in the complex sentences are also different.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 134-139 [
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438
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140
A Corpus-based Study on the Non-canonical Objects in Mandarin Chinese
Chen Bei
Combined with quantitative and qualitative analyses,1337 Mandarin Chinese verbs were studied to examine for the non-canonical objects (NCOs) based on large-scale corpus—Chinese Word Sketch. In this study， only 74 monosyllabic verbs have been found to take NCOs.Interestingly， some low-frequency verbs can be found to take NCOs.Moreover， the study indicates that the NCOs can be divided into eight kinds including instrument，location，material，manner，reason，role，source，and time.They have special syntactic and semantics properties，including co-occurrence constraint，introduction by apreposition，and weakness of action meaning，etc.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 140-146 [
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431
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147
Folk Literature and Historical Structure of Local Society——A Case Study on Ma-clan's Genealogy of Shuangshan Village in Eastern Shandong during Qing Dynasty
Zhang Shishan
The compilation of genealogy is a cultural practice in which family elites create family relations and operate local politics in the name of history and in response to the process of national unification. This practice is complicated and diverse due to many restrictions， but it provides social foundations and theoretical sources for the synthesis of the so-called “big history” and “small history” in the current academic community. During Qing dynasty， the Ma-clan of Shuangshan village in eastern Shandong compiled its genealogy five times， showing the deep social structure of Chinese traditional culture and politics， as well as the dual role of family elites between the state and the local， by closing to the national history style and the synthetic narration of rituals， customs， laws and other discourse.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 147-156 [
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431
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157
The Charity Performance and Relief Activities of Modern Shanghai Amateur Performers——An Investigation Centering on Relevant Publications of Shun Pao
Tao Xiaojun
The group of amateur performers was an extremely active community in the circle of modern Shanghai drama in modern China. Charity performance was a special situation in which amateur performers participated in social performances and it shouldered the responsibility of disaster relief. In order to cut down the expenditures， the best choice for charity performers was to invite amateur performers to support them at that time because of its characteristics of the large scale， the large number of participants and the limited funds. To the amateur performers， participating in charity performances could not only break through the limitations of personal self-entertainment， but also show their sense of social responsibility， and then their reputations could be enhanced. Amateur performers brought about the transition from “entertaining themselves” to “entertaining others” in both social recognition and individual psychology by completing charity performances. During this process， Shun Pao and some other mass media played an important role of publicizing， which made the public’s enthusiasm for the pursuit of theater tickets continue to rise， further promoting the development of the drama market in Shanghai.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 157-165 [
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400
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166
A Research Report on Balanced Development of County Compulsory Education in Minority Areas of China
Wu Hongchao
Compulsory education in minority areas is an important part of education in China. According to the investigation and analysis of 26 counties in 9 provinces of China， great achievements have been made in compulsory education in minority areas： the support of central governments to minority areas has been significantly increased， and the policy of benefiting the people has been put in place. The school conditions have been comprehensively improved， and achieved the basic balance of the development of compulsory education in the country. However， there are also some difficulties， including the short board of school conditions， the form of school running restricted by the scattered population， the high cost of school running in the cold and hard areas， the high pressure of teachers' supplement and training， and the low satisfaction of education. To solve the problem， we need to improve the classification guarantee mechanism of the central government， set up the allocation standard of students with different weights， expand the scale of targeted teacher training， promote the reform of teaching mode in rural schools， and establish a new type of student financial aid policy to protect the educational rights of minority students.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 166-174 [
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175
A Study on the Influence of Income and Characteristic of Family to Family Education Expenditure
Wu Qiang
Based on the data of China's household follow-up survey in 2010 and 2014， combined with the theory of human capital and educational economy， this paper analyzes the impact of family income and family characteristics on the occurrence probability and expenditure level of family education expenditure through Logit model and Tobit model. The results show as follows. First， Family income has no significant impact on the occurrence probability of family education expenditure. family size， education expectations， the proportion of men and women aged 0-22， and the education level of mother have a significant positive impact on the occurrence probability of family education expenditure， and the degree of impact is increasing. Second， family income， education expectations， the age of the head of household， the proportion of men and women aged 18-22， the education level of mother have a significant positive impact on the level of family education expenditure， and the impact of factors other than family income is increasing. Third， education expectation not only has a significant impact on the occurrence of family education expenditure， but also has a greater impact on the level of family education expenditure than family income.The enlightenment to the poverty-stricken families is that poverty alleviation should support not only the intelligence， but also the will power， and the will power is more important than the intelligence.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 175-186 [
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588
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187
The Concealment of Meaning——On the “Body” in Embodied Cognition
Chen Jian Ye Haosheng
The philosophical thought since Descartes shows a transformation from thinking to action， from inside to outside， from individualism to holism， from isolation to interaction. One of the important reasons is the emphasis on the connotation of body. Similarly， the two connotations of body also have two important influences in psychology. First， the absence of body leads to the dilemma of traditional cognitivism， and “the body is involved in the formation of cognition” becomes an academic consensus， which leads to the transformation from traditional cognitivism to embodied cognition.Second， in the current academic context， embodied cognitive thought and postmodernism have something in common. The concept of “body” plays an important role in this process.
2020 Vol. 59 (5): 187-192 [
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620
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