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2023 Vol. 62, No. 1
Published: 2023-01-27
1
Value，Path and System： Dual Carbon Education in the Process of Chinese Path to Modernization
Hao Fanghua
Eco-civilization is a high-level civilization form of human society and also a fundamental connotation of building a great modern socialist country in all respects. Achieving the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is an essential part of ecological civilization construction and a necessary requirement for building a community of life for human and nature. Focused on green development， the education on carbon peaking and carbon neutrality plays a key role in guiding mainstream value， innovating scientific and technological research， cultivating talents，restructuring industries and performing other functions for realizing the dual carbon goals， and constitutes an indispensable part in the conservation of ecological civilization. Dual carbon education must adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping thought on eco-civilization， actively respond to the new requirements of dual carbon goals， and construct a coordinated promotion system： to strengthen interaction among the Party， government， education institutions and industry， to enhance connections among general education， vocational education and science education， and to encourage social participation and international exchanges and cooperation， so as to form a solid ecological foundation for the Chinese path to modernization， which demands the harmonious relationship between humanity and nature.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 1-10 [
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540
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11
On the Humanistic Orientation of Chinese Path to Modernization
Wan Meirong
The report of the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) puts forwards a comprehensive exposition of Chinese modernization. The Chinese path to modernization emphasizes the Party's insistence upon the people's central position， uniting and leading people of all ethnic groups to explore independently a path to modernization that conforms to the historical cultural traditions， the realistic national conditions， as well as the developmental laws of human society. At its most basic， Chinese modernization is the modernization in which the CPC leads the people， relies on the people and serves the people. It reveals a distinct humanistic orientation. The people's standpoint， humanistic characteristics and value orientation of Chinese path to modernization show its humanistic implication. The Chinese path to modernization aims at the modernization of all Chinese people， and takes the modernization of people's ideas as the core to demonstrate its humanistic nature. Giving full play to the important role of ideological and political work with Chinese characteristics in human modernization is an important way to adhere to the humanistic orientation of Chinese path to modernization.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 11-19 [
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433
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20
“Selection Competition”： On the Organizational Mechanism of Community Governance Innovation Competition——Based on the Case of N Subdistrict， W City
Leng Xiangming Xiao Yao
In recent years， the functional focus of urban grassroots governments (subdistricts) had shifted from economic development to public services and social governance， which has made governance innovation the work requirement and important performance of grassroots governments. Considering performance competitions or the completion of management tasks， subdistricts usually adopt the strategy of focusing on the construction of a small number of “star communities”， which results in the phenomenon of “similar highlights” of governance innovation. That is contrary to the original intention of the state to encourage innovation to improve the governance performance. Through the organizational mechanism of the “selection competition”， N Subdistrict in W City encourages communities within its jurisdiction to “race to the top” in governance innovation， promotes the popularization of governance innovation， achieves the goal of encouraging community governance innovation， and promotes the relatively balanced development of communities. This paper reveals the internal mechanisms of the “selection competition”， including the selection of innovation organizations without threshold， random selection， and equal opportunity. The “selection competition” uses four mechanisms of administrative empowerment， comparative selection， resource attraction and improved training to stimulate communities. Furthermore， this paper discusses the reasons for the deployment of the “selection competition” mechanism： the cognition of subjects， the pressure to achieve balanced development， the accessibility of goals and the sustainability of innovation， all of which affect the decision-making of subdistricts. This paper expands the theoretical discussion of the “tournament mechanism” and further opens the “dark box” of the organizational mechanism of grassroots governments to encourage governance innovation of communities.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 20-30 [
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31
The Current Situation， Predicaments and Countermeasures of Grassroots Judicial Institutes in the Process of Rule of Law in Grassroots Governance——A Case Study of 132 Judicial Institutes
Ding Wen Cheng Ziyang
The comprehensive rule of law is a profound revolution in national governance， of which the foundation and focus are both at the grassroots level. As the most foundamental judicial administrative agency in China， the judicial institute undertakes the responsibilities of guiding mediation， entrusted with community correction， participating law enforcement at the grassroots level， organizing and providing public legal services at the grassroots level， and coordinating the placement and education of released prisoners. Empirical research shows that the organizational status quo of most judicial institutes does not meet the requirements of normative documents. Although the judicial institute has developed adaptive working mechanisms as much as possible， there is still a great tension between its performence and the requirements. The reasons that hinder the judicial institute from effectively performing its functions include that the judicial institute is faced with such legal dilemmas as alienation of subjects， overloading of functions， conflicts of legal resources， and lack of legal authority. By optimizing the functional orientation of the judicial institute， improving its working mechanism， and establishing its legal authority， the judicial institute can solve these dilemmas in the rule of law， so as to ensure the implementation of the decision-making and deployment of the comprehensive rule of law.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 31-42 [
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924
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43
Integrated Connection： How the Party Organization Leads the Construction of the Community of Social Governance
Li Huayin
The construction of social governance community is an important path for the state to promote the modernization of grassroots governance. It embodies the state's will for grassroots governance， of which the Party establishing and leading the construction of social governance community is an important manifestation. Common relational connection is the essence of community. The basic problem of social governance community construction is the construction of public governance relations. As a structural element of grassroots governance， grassroots Party organizations integrate the values， subjects， organizations， resources， systems and other governance elements of common governance through such mechanisms as propaganda， mobilization， cultivation， integration， absorption， and service， forming a governance relationship that connects multiple subjects and promoting the formation of a community of social governance. The essence of the Party organizations leading the community of social governance is the process， through the aggregation of governance elements， of reshaping the social relationship， of generating the governance relationship， and then constructing the social governance organisms. The integrated connection provides an approach to understand the theoretical connotation and practical mode of social governance community from the perspective of relationship.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 43-51 [
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318
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70
Exploration of the Development Context and Path of the National Cultural Digitization Strategy
Fan Zhou, Sun Wei
The new wave of scientific and technological revolution is accelerating the rapid development in various sectors of society， such as the transformation of industrial structure， the superceding of technologies， the upgrading of intelligent manufacturing， and the transformation of lifestyle. In-depth promotion of the progress of cultural digitization strategy is an inevitable requirement for the high-quality development of China's cultural industry in the new era. It is necessary to deeply understand the development of China's cultural digitization strategy from the overall dimension and macro level， fully learn from the advanced international experience， and rationally analyze the issues of technical constraints， digital divide， data security and digital supervision in China's construction of cultural digitization. Based on these aspects， four development paths of cultural digitization strategy are explored： first， improving the structure of cultural digitization elements and activate the linkage of elemental resources； second， accelerating the innovation in cultural digital industry and improving the cultural service experience； third， optimizing the developmental environment of cultural digitization and enhance the security of digital supervision； fourth， coordinating the synergistic development of different subjects and enhance the plurality of digital construction.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 70-77 [
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78
The Empowerment of Contemporary Cultural Industry with a New Ecosystem through Digital Information Technology
Fu Caiwu Ming Yan
The wide application of digital information technology in the cultural industry not only promotes the “content activation” and industrial upgrading of the traditional cultural industry， but also promotes the transformation of cultural production mode， cultural communication mode， cultural circulation mode and cultural consumption mode. In addition， it leads to the structural chain reaction of cultural market and cultural industry， and is gradually reconstructing a new digital ecosystem of China's contemporary cultural industry. Since the supporting external technical environment has changed from the traditional “type technology” into “digital-platform technology”， the development of China's cultural industry changes from the “scale expansion” to “content renovation” accordingly. In the 2020s， digital information technology enters a new stage of Metaverse， which will not only profoundly affect the evolution track of contemporary cultural industry， accelerate the reconstruction process of digital ecosystem of cultural industry， but also redefine the connotation of “high-quality development” of China’s cultural industry at present and in the future.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 78-86 [
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87
Influence Anxiety， Disciplinary Status， and Competition in Academic Space——Pierre Bourdieu's Enduring Hostility to Althusserism
Li Junpeng Xu Songying
Bourdieu held hostility towards Althusserism for more than 30 years， whereas scholars have continued to find parallels between his sociology and Althusserism. This seeming contradiction is related to three reasons beyond theoretical disagreement. First， Bourdieu's critical attitude is his way of dissipating the anxiety of influences originated from Althusser and other commentators. Second， in response to the Althusserian sense of superiority over common people and sociology， Bourdieu offers a critique from the perspective of morality and politics. Third， since Althusserism disparages sociology from a Marxist position while conducts similar research in the same academic space， and criticizes Bourdieu himself， Bourdieu puts forward such criticisms as Althusserians' lack of sociological literacy from the Marxist identity of Althusserism.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 87-107 [
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108
Classicization as a Problem——Wen Yiduo's Modern Chinese Poetry： An Anthology and the Reconstruction of the Evaluative Coordinate of New Poetry
Fang Chang'an
Modern Chinese Poetry： An Anthology was edited by Wen Yiduo in his last years. The “efficacy” of the selected poets and poems becoming classics was not positive. However， when it came to the poets truly celebrated by him， quite a few of them were classicized. This phenomenon was related to his principles of evaluating new poetry and the characteristics of classicization of new poetry in the past hundred years. On the one hand， he evaluated new poetry with a view of “yesterday” and the standard of classical literature. Inheriting the tradition of “feelings” in Chinese lyrics， he prefered the poems that wrote about family and state， and people's semtiments， and thus， selected poems that embodied a modern lyrical approach. On the other hand， in a sense of “today” and with the consciousness of translation， he attached importance to those poems that were set in the context of war，and expressed the idea of democracy with Chinese feelings and international concerns. The fact that a large amount of the poets included in Modern Chinese Poetry： An Anthology became obscure while the unselected poets became classics has constituted a historical mystery. It reflects the modern standard of Wen's selected poems and the evaluation scale of new poetry in the past century counteract the “classical” view， which reveals the possibility of reconstructing a new coordinate and a set of new principles for evaluating new poetry.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 108-117 [
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118
For the Peasant and against the Peasant——The Gains and Losses of Zhao Shuli's Creation in View of Family
Li Chaojie
Family， as a common topic in the research of ancient literature，can also be applied to the studies of modern literature. The case of Zhao Shuli is an example. Along with the decline of his family fortunes， Zhao were impoverished and witnessed suffering to a great extent. His strong empathy aroused him to establish a long-standing faith of “for the peasant”. When the “peasant-oriented” faith was projected into discourse practice， Zhao intended to maintain the integrity of rural family， understand farmers' short-term future prospects， and attach great importance to the personal dignity of the poor. However， once taken to extremes， faith would become a spiritual burden. “To protect farmers' consciousness consciously” brought Zhao to a bottleneck in his writing. Excessive reliance on folk resources led him to the rigidity of literary narration. In addition， Zhao witnessed many friends and relatives cut off their livelihoods due to the loss of land， so he could not extricate himself from the intense relationship between farmers and land， which inflicted his paranoid sentiment of refusing the rural youth to leave the countryside in hope of their staying on the land for generations. Zhao's family gives rise to his faith of “for the peasant” while it is paradoxically mixed with “against the peasant”.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 118-126 [
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127
The Transformation of Traditional Chinese Novels in Zhang Henshui's “Love Trilogy” and Its Limitation
Wang Xiaoping
Zhang Henshui's early works reflect the transformation of Chinese fiction from tradition to “modern”， and manifest various symptoms in this process. For example， in Zhang's “love trilogy”， he gradually moves backwards to the narrative conventions of classical Chinese novels in both form and content. The themes range from the lamentation of personal fate to the reflection of the corruption of the upper class of society， and then to the expression of the simple political justice concept of the citizens， all of which show the gradual expansion of the author's social vision， his continuous renewal of concepts and consistent efforts to innovate old literature. The conceptual transformation brought about by the change of the times advanced the evolvement of the works from the “conservative” old style to the “renovated” new style. However， the existing conservative mentality hinders these works from probing into the social causes of the contradictions， which retains these works in the form of semi-traditional novels. It shows that the modernization of literary form and the modernity of narrative content are indispensable， which sheds light upon the transformation of old literature and the dispute over refined and popular literature.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 127-135 [
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136
Markets， Embankments， Garrisons and Ethnic Chiefdoms ——The Administrative Centers and the Market Centers in the Bordering Area of Sichuan， Guizhou and Yunnan Provinces
Zhao Shiyu
There have been some studies on the socioeconomic role that the markets in the southwestern China played in Qing Dynasty since William Skinner. Some attention has also been paid to the embankment (Bazi) society of this region. Ming court practiced an administrative system in which the counties， garrisons and ethnic chiefdoms co-existed and governed local people. The influence of the garrisons and the chiefdoms on the local society lasted， although the garrisons' territory and population began to be annexed into the counties and the chieftains were replaced by the officials appointed by the court from late Ming to mid-Qing. In the case of Xuyong county in the bordering area of Sichuan， Guizhou and Yunnan， the rise of the local markets was not only the result of commercial development， but also closely related to the garrisons and the ethnic chiefdoms in the process of imperial expansion to the southwest. These garrisons and ethnic chiefdoms were based on the flat terrains called Bazi， and the markets (Chang) came into existence in these lands as well. In the social development of the Qing Dynasty， the markets even became the result of mutual reinforcement by the political power that represented the imperial expansion and the commercial power that represented the marketization.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 136-150 [
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151
Looking for the Author of “The Father of the Chinese Revolution”
Sun Jiang
Sun Yat-sen is celebrated as the “Father of the Nation” by the Chinese Nationalist Party and as the “Forerunner of the Revolution” by Mao Zedong. An English article published in The Outlook on 27 April， 1912 praised Sun as the “Father of the Revolution”. The author of this article was Kim Tong-ho. Who was Kim Tong-ho？ Through an in-depth investigation of different historical sources， this paper demonstrates that Kim Tong-ho is in fact a mistake for Kim Tong Ho (何锦棠)， the son of Ho Fon (何宽) who is an ardent supporter of Dr. Sun Yat-sen's revolution. Having witnessed Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary activities since his early childhood， Kim Tong-ho had a strong sense of identity with Chinese culture and vehemently opposed the US policy of Chinese exclusion. He visited China in 1920 with a delegation of American congressmen and met Dr. Sun Yat-sen in Shanghai.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 151-157 [
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492
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158
Can Non-Disciplinary Training Improve Students' Mental Health in the Context of “Double Reduction”？——Based on a Survey of 30 Counties (Cities and Districts) in 6 Provinces of the Eastern， Central and Western Regions
Fu Weidong Li Wei
This study investigates the effects of off-campus non-disciplinary training on students' mental health by surveying the primary and secondary school students in 30 counties (cities and districts) in six provinces of the eastern， central and western China. The findings show that： while there is a decrease in the number of primary and secondary school students participating in off-campus non-disciplinary training， the time and expenses on their participation remain basically stable； participating in off-campus non-disciplinary training can significantly improve the depression of primary school students， but has no significant effect on the mental health of junior high school students； the effect of participating in off-campus non-disciplinary training on primary school students' depression， state anxiety and positive emotions has inter-group heterogeneity between urban and rural students， left-behind and non-left-behind students； there is no heterogeneity between urban and rural， left-behind and non-left-behind groups in terms of the impact of off-campus non-disciplinary training on the mental health of junior high school students.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 158-170 [
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481
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171
Can Non-Disciplinary Training Improve Students' Mental Health in the Context of “Double Reduction”？——Based on a Survey of 30 Counties (Cities and Districts) in 6 Provinces of the Eastern， Central and Western Regions
Fu Weidong Li Wei
This study investigates the effects of off-campus non-disciplinary training on students' mental health by surveying the primary and secondary school students in 30 counties (cities and districts) in six provinces of the eastern， central and western China. The findings show that： while there is a decrease in the number of primary and secondary school students participating in off-campus non-disciplinary training， the time and expenses on their participation remain basically stable； participating in off-campus non-disciplinary training can significantly improve the depression of primary school students， but has no significant effect on the mental health of junior high school students； the effect of participating in off-campus non-disciplinary training on primary school students' depression， state anxiety and positive emotions has inter-group heterogeneity between urban and rural students， left-behind and non-left-behind students； there is no heterogeneity between urban and rural， left-behind and non-left-behind groups in terms of the impact of off-campus non-disciplinary training on the mental health of junior high school students.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 171-180 [
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478
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181
The Revelation of the Acceptance and Transformation of Old Public Universities by the Communist Party of China in the Early Period of the People’s Republic of China
Li Jing
In the early period of the People’s Republic of China， the Communist Party of China (CPC) fomulated and carried out the specific guidelines and steps for the acceptance and transformation of old public universities based on the complex characteristics of the education imbalance in China，and achieved great results. The effectiveness of this has made China's public institutions of higher education take on a new look.This paper delves into the study of the CPC’s work in the acceptance and transformation of old public universities， and explains the CPC’s understanding of the law of leading and managing institutions of higher learning， summarizes the historical experience and enlightenment of the transformation of old public universities in this period， so as to promote the high-quality development of China's institutions of higher learning， and realize the goal of development of higher education in service of both the people and the governance of the CPC.
2023 Vol. 62 (1): 181-188 [
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435
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