Abstract：Having pointed out the ignorance of the valuable standpoints (religion belief) of Dostoevsky in Bakhtin's polyphony theory, the thesis appraises the realism of Dostoevsky from the opposite angle of Dostoevsky and materialism. Besides, the thesis analyses the psychological content of Dostoevsky's realism, which includes dual personality, psychological analysis, the subconscious and dream, etc. From the viewpoint of defending the dignity and freedom of individual, the protest of Dostoevsky against materialism reserved a very precious space for the human being to choose the way of existence and seek the significance of individual existence.
