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2006 Vol. 0, No. 1
Published: 2006-01-25
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The Village Agreement,Guard Of Countryside And The Elder Of A Clan And Administration Of Countryside In Qing Dynasty
Lin Ju(?),the Inspector of Justice of Jiangxi in Qing dynasty,wrote a book titled Xijiang shinie jishi to compile many his administrative files during Yongzheng and Qianlong period,in which there are many materials about the society including the roles of the village agreements,the chief of precinct and the elder of a clan in the countryside.The village agreements and the chief of precinct had been regarded as the main ways to put the countryside in order and a series of new phases,such as "Agreement Chief","Countryside Chief" about the local social system appeared in this book.The guard for the public security combined with the educational village agreement and the clan system,and formed a new and complete countryside system which influenced the basic social structure.All these showed the complex interrelated relationships during Qing dynasty between the Nation and the society.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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731
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On Family Custom In Chinese Rural And Land Re-distribution
In modern Chinese rural family,as the oldest son,when he got married,he can get a share of the family property,including land.The youngest son always lives at home with parents and inherits the rest peoperty.Is this a traditional phenominon or a new custom? The answer is related to the attitude of farmers' to property.Before the year of 1949,farmers have strong property consciousness,unwilling to separate their land.However,nowadays farmers are willing to re-distribute their cultivated land,according to the change of family members.Why? This paper discusses the phenomimon and the problems brought by the inheritance of family property and the government's land distribution policy.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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450
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The Study Of The Law/policy Performance Condition About Guarantee Village Women''''s Land Rights
Guarantee village women's land rights is an important act that the government to stabilize society,develop economy,and realize sexual equality.However,the law/policy practice of village women's land rights is difficult to be implemented,because of traditional culture and social custom.This article is a document summary about the law/policy practice condition,it analyzes the performance effect of the law/policy and social result according to existing research material and covered cases,and advances the way to deal with the questions.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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342
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Developing Motivation Of Chinese Agriculture:Biological Technology Development, Market And Land Let/Rent
Using agriculture production fuction,this paper comes to the conclusion: assuming the same for all the other factors,the more efficiently the farmers work,the more land they want to rent,vice verse.According to the level of Chinese human capital,the situation is just the opposite from the above conclusion.Human capital is getting close relation with higher salary in non-farmer labour market;the higher eductional level the farmer family has,they more land they let;while the family with lower educational level and lower qualities tend to rent more land.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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391
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45
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A Positive Analysis On The Intergovernmental Fiscal Relationship In China--Another Analysis On The Fiscal Plight And Path In Local Public Management
After the reform of tax distribution system in 1994,the intergovernmental fiscal relationship in China developed to such a complexion that the fiscal revenue was centralized while the administrate responsibility and the expenditure burden was transferred to the lower government,which resulted that the local fiscal running was tight and brought lots of problems in local management.We should follow a series of arrangement views to put the intergovernmental fiscal relationship in order,such as "take public demand as the most important" "match the fiscal burben and the fiscal capability" and "take providing the basic public goods as the priority",so as to solve radically various deep-seated problems,such as defining the governmental efficient functions,compartmentalizing the intergovernmental responsibility and expenditure burden when disposing the public affairs,reconstructing the intergovernmental fiscal transfer payment,breaking the "one goods,two system" in the segmentation and different administration between the public goods in city and country.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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328
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Perfect The Inherent Defect Of The System Of Financial Transfer Payment Among Governments
The current system of financial vertical transfer mode in our country is a complex of new and old systems,which has been through all previous reforms of each part in the financial system and has met the needs of going through transition in economic system.The system progressed mainly by the way of advancing gradually.In that course,the Transfer Payment System had also been simplified.However,the structure of the current system is still complicated and unreasonable.Many unreasonable factors of the old system were left over and accumulated,so,to a great extent,it resulted in the balanced effect that was brought by standard transfer form that has been offset.It still has an outstanding characteristic of protecting the vested interest.There are three ways to resolve the problems.First,draw lessons from the international examples and implement the normative balanced transfer.Second,perfect the revenue sharing system and local tax system.Third,perfect the budget management,which not only focuses on the relationship within the finance departments and the executive,but also extends to the relationship between the superior and the subordinate governments.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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379
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173
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On Esthetics Features Of Indian Classicism Drama
Abstrac This paper introduces the origin of Indian drama,explains the most important features of Indian classicism drama,that is: the reunion results of the dramas,strong estheticism and idealism,unique formality;it fanally analyzes the philosophical and religious reasons leading to the formation of the esthetic features.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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449
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The Musical Instrument In The Old Testament
This paper discusses eight musical instruments used in the Old Testament: tarp,flute,lyre;trumpet;horn,drum,and cymbals,in order to illuminate both of their holy and secular functions,their anthropological and musical meanings and the semantic changing routes of their names ad well.Since the analysis is based upon Chinese Union Version of the Bible with the original Hebrew terms for the instruments added,it also pays much attention to the shifting of the biblical meanings and images during the history of translation.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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349
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On Chinese Handwriting From The View Of Eastern Esthetics
Eastern esthetics and art are quite different from that of western.In the long term,we expain Chinese handwriting from the view of weastern esthetics,which gives a forced interpretation.This paper,from the view of eastern esthetics,by analyzing the esthetic tend and language of Chinese handwriting,tries to reveal the features of eastern esthetics and esthetics view,which are symbolism,strong subjectivity;emotion,direct experience and poetic theory,emdodying in Chinese handwriting.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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307
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On The Self-governing Nature Of Clan In Qing Dynasty
The clan activities in Qing dynasty have the nature of self-governing,which takes within the limit of the government's permission and are carried out by the order of clan chiefs.These activities lack the elements of democracy and are quite different from the modern self-government organization.The clan's self-governing brings certain social influence,such as,strenthening the unity within a clan;being a media between the government and society,changing the appearance of poor communities and benefiting the stability of the social order,etc.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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484
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43
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The Village Agreement, Guard Of Countryside And The Elder Of A Clan And Administration Of Countryside In Qing Dynasty
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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724
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46
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On The Conflict And Integration Of Village Regulations And State Laws Of Huizhou Area In Ming And Qing Dynasties
This paper comes to the conclusion that in ancient China,including the Huizhou Area in the Ming and Qing dynasties,the relationship between village regulations and state laws was basically harmonious and complementary,contradiction and conflicts,however,also existed and occurred constantly.In most cases,both sides would make compromises: state laws would give in to village regulations and the village regulations would offer to invite state laws to intervene,so that the implementation and sound interaction between the two could be achieved and the utmost goal of maintaining a stable social order in the rural area could be realized.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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391
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Research On Patriarchal Justice System In Ancient Chinese Society
In ancient Chinese society,clan has significant role.Clan rules are used for internal control of the clan.The justice system based upon clan rules cannot be neglected as it is available for solving internal dissension,holding the clan together and ensuring the power of clan rules.Patriarchal justice in ancient Chinese society includes judicial organization,judicial process,modes of punishment.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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469
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Divination And Psychology In The Historical Period Of Spring And Autumn
The present paper,by resorting to the examples of divination by means of milfoil illustrated in Zhouyi(The Book of Changes) and employed in Zuozhan and Guoyu,discussed the possible psychological tendencies while practicing divination,namely,the inclination before the divination;the psychology of selecting the favorable and abandoning the adverse after the divination;that of arbitrariness in choosing the images and in interpretation;that of straining the interpretation by false analogy;that of being persuasive by using divination and interpretation of it.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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355
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The Political Function Of The Imperial Academy In Ming Dynasty
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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424
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From Monnet''''s Europe To "Europe des patries"
In the years of post-world war II,the Euro-federalism had a strong influence in France,which favoured the supranational integration with gradual limiting and transferring of national sovereignty and with a European federation as the aim.In this background Jean Monnet schemed ECSC with supra national character and successfully put it into practice.But the supranational EDC,also designed by Monnet,was refused by French.After General de Gaulle resumed power in 1958 he insisted on the national sovereignty and the "Europe des patries" energetically and tried to shape a political union and the development of EEC accordingly.These led to conflicts,even crisis,among the Six and retarded the development of supranational orientation of EEC,and the complexity and sensitivity of the question of national sovereignty in European integration were reflected wherein.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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315
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Why Scientific Creation Is Weak In China
Scientific and technical creation is not equal to scientific one.Why scientific creation is weak in China? In respect of the history,scientific creation is affected by lack of social needs and advantages accumulating and the plateau period in science development.In terms of the realistic reason,the extent of the political democratization,utilitarianism-oriented scientific policies and exam-oriented educational model affect the scientific creation.These reasons actually reflect the burden of the traditional culture.Predictably,it is difficult for China to create the scientific theories in the future.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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743
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Theory Of Subject Education:From Subjectivity To Inter-subjectivity
The modern education theory constructs in the frame of subjectivity,whose history meaning can't be underestimated.Contemporary development makes the education theory of subjectivity get into a difficult position,so,the contemporary education theory should begin its expansion of the subjectivity.The subjectivity has offered new philosophy normal form and methodology principle for education theory,thus it has reduced a real state of education and it's research on the new basis.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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772
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G. Stanley Hall And The Child Study Movement In America
The child study movement in America,happening at the end of the nineteenth century,involved many social powers,which brought great influence to American education,psychology and sociology.G.Stanley Hall played an important part in launching and impelling it.Hall was called father of child study.In the movement Hall engaged in many studies,which formed the basis of his theory.He also held child study meetings,founded child study associations,and led many social powers participating in it,and all these expedited the movement process,makes the contribution in probes of scientific phase of the modern education.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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763
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Differences Between The Synonymous Monosyllabic And Disyllabic Nouns In Chinese
It is more difficult to learn the synonyms for foreigners than native speakers during TCAFL including the synonymous monosyllabic and disyllabic nouns.This paper is an investigation of similarities and differences based on 185 synonymous monosyllabic and disyllabic nouns in HSK word list.It attempts to reveal some important features of differences between synonymous monosyllabic and disyllabic nouns,and hopes the study will be helpful to Chinese vocabulary teaching practice to foreigners.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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386
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Contrastive Studies Between English And Chinese--Values,Theories, Methodology
This article is a reflection on the contrastive studies between English and Chinese in China. It begins with the discussion of the distinction between Contrastive Linguistics and Comparative Linguistics, then continues with the retrospection and evaluation of the past hundred-year contrastive studies between English and Chinese, followed by a detailed discussion of the significance and the potential use of the results of contrastive studies; and finally elaborates on the theories and methodology in the field.
2006 Vol. 0 (1): 0-0 [
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390
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